Heat the EVOO, four turns of the pan, in a deep skillet or Dutch oven over medium heat. Add the fennel seed, chili pepper and garlic and stir, 3-4 minutes. Add the onion and peppers; season with salt, stir and cook for 5-6 minutes more, partially covered. Stir in the tomato paste until fragrant, 1 minute, then add the wine and reduce for a minute or so. Add the tomatoes and break them up with a potato masher. Simmer over low heat for 30 minutes, partially covered.
Bring a large pot of water to a boil; add salt and cook the pasta to al dente. Just before draining, reserve half a cup of the starchy cooking water.
Drain the pasta, combine with the sauce and add a little starchy cooking water, as needed.
Serve the pasta in shallow bowls topped with cheese.